You are involved in testing a system in the medical domain. Testing needs to comply with the FDA requirements and is rated as being safety critical. A product risk assessment has been performed and various mitigation actions have been identified. Reliability testing is one of the test types that needs to be performed throughout the development lifecycle.
Based on the information provided, which of the following activities would need to be addressed in the test plan?
In the context of safety-critical systems, particularly in the medical domain, reliability is of utmost importance. For such systems, it is crucial to ensure that the software can handle unexpected input values and continue to operate without failure. This is essential to ensure patient safety and compliance with FDA requirements. Vulnerability scans (option A) are more related to security testing, whereas scalability (option C) and installation/de-installation (option D) are important but not specifically related to the reliability and safety criticality of the system in the medical domain.
A new reusable software component that handles sensor management has been developed. It will be used in manufacturing processes that work at SIL 2 and avionics systems where failure could lead to a "major" incident. The code contains no loops but does contain decisions with multiple conditions. Which of the following would be the BEST structure-based testing option for the new software?
Context of the Problem:
The software component handles sensor management.
It is used in manufacturing processes that work at SIL 2 and avionics systems.
Failure could lead to a 'major' incident.
The code contains decisions with multiple conditions and no loops.
Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 2:
SIL 2 indicates that the software must adhere to stringent safety standards.
Avionics systems also require high safety standards due to the potential consequences of failure.
Testing Options:
MC/DC (Modified Condition/Decision Coverage):
MC/DC is essential for high-integrity and safety-critical systems like avionics.
Ensures each condition in a decision has been shown to independently affect the outcome.
Required by standards such as DO-178C for avionics software at certain levels.
API Coverage:
Focuses on testing the interfaces between components.
Important but not sufficient alone for high-integrity, safety-critical systems.
Decision Coverage:
Ensures that each decision point (i.e., if statements) is evaluated as both true and false.
Less comprehensive than MC/DC for safety-critical applications.
Statement Coverage:
Ensures that each statement in the code has been executed at least once.
Basic level of coverage, insufficient for safety-critical systems like those at SIL 2.
Best Option:
Given the high safety requirements (SIL 2, major incident potential), MC/DC coverage is the best option. It provides a thorough level of testing needed to meet safety standards.
You are working for a video game manufacturer You have a new title being released Market interest in the product is at an all time high and everyone in the company has been promised huge bonuses if the launch is successful You are responsible for portability testing Which area, m particular should you emphasize in your testing?
In portability testing for a video game that is anticipated to be highly popular, the key area to emphasize is installability. This involves ensuring that the game can be successfully installed across different platforms and configurations that potential players might use. Focusing on installability helps minimize technical barriers to entry, crucial for a successful launch and widespread adoption of the game .
Given the following pseudo code for a program to solve quadratic equations:
program Quadratic Formula
integer: a, b, c, d
floating point: r1, r2
READ (a)
READ (b)
READ (c)
d := (b * b) - (4 * a * c)
IF d < 0 THEN
PRINT ("Imaginary Roots")
ELSE
r1 := (-b + sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)
r2 := (-b - sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)
PRINT ("first root is: " r1)
PRINT ("second root is: " r2)
ENDIF
END program Quadratic_Formula
Which of the following checklist items is MOST likely to indicate a problem in this program?
Analysis:
The given pseudo code for solving quadratic equations includes operations that involve division. One of the critical issues in such operations is ensuring that the divisor is not zero, which would result in a division by zero error.
Checklist Item:
D . Are divisors tested for zero or noise?:
This checklist item addresses the potential problem of dividing by zero. In the pseudo code, the variable a is used as a divisor in the formula (-b sqrt(d)) / (2 * a). If a is zero, this will result in a division by zero error. Therefore, it is crucial to test whether a is zero before performing the division.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
A . Does the code avoid comparing floating point numbers for equality?:
This is important but not directly relevant to the given pseudo code's primary issue.
B . Are all variables properly defined with meaningful, consistent and clear names?:
This is good practice but does not address the critical issue of division by zero.
C . Are there any redundant or unused variables?:
Identifying unused variables is helpful for code clarity but does not address the primary functional issue in the pseudo code.
The ISTQB CTAL-TTA syllabus and standard code review practices emphasize the importance of ensuring safe arithmetic operations, particularly avoiding division by zero.
Sources:
ISTQB-CTAL-TTA Syllabus
General knowledge on code review and arithmetic operations.
An enhancement to a Social Media application allows for the creation of new Groups. Any number of existing application members can be added to a
Group. An attempt to add a non-existing member of the application to a Group will result in an error. Members can also be removed from an existing Group.
Existing Groups can also be deleted but only if there are no current members attached to it.
Which keyword-driven input table provides an adequate test of this enhancement?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The keyword-driven input table in Option B covers all the necessary scenarios: creating groups, adding members (including handling errors for non-existing members), removing members, and deleting groups only when empty.
This aligns with the functionalities specified in the enhancement description for the social media application.
The ISTQB CTAL-TTA syllabus covers the importance of comprehensive test coverage in keyword-driven testing.
General knowledge on test case design and keyword-driven testing practices.
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