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Isaca CCOA Exam Questions
- Topic 1: Technology Essentials: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the foundational technologies and principles that form the backbone of cybersecurity. It includes topics like hardware and software configurations, network protocols, cloud infrastructure, and essential tools. The focus is on understanding the technical landscape and how these elements interconnect to ensure secure operations.
- Topic 2: Cybersecurity Principles and Risk: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers core cybersecurity principles and risk management strategies. It includes assessing vulnerabilities, threat analysis, and understanding regulatory compliance frameworks. The section emphasizes evaluating risks and applying appropriate measures to mitigate potential threats to organizational assets.
- Topic 3: Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and covers the tactics, techniques, and procedures used by adversaries to compromise systems. It includes identifying methods of attack, such as phishing, malware, and social engineering, and understanding how these techniques can be detected and thwarted.
- Topic 4: Incident Detection and Response: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and focuses on detecting security incidents and responding appropriately. It includes understanding security monitoring tools, analyzing logs, and identifying indicators of compromise. The section emphasizes how to react to security breaches quickly and efficiently to minimize damage and restore operations.
- Topic 5: Securing Assets: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the methods and strategies used to secure organizational assets. It includes topics like endpoint security, data protection, encryption techniques, and securing network infrastructure. The goal is to ensure that sensitive information and resources are properly protected from external and internal threats.
Free Isaca CCOA Exam Actual Questions
Note: Premium Questions for CCOA were last updated On May. 06, 2025 (see below)
SIMULATION
Following a ransomware incident, the network team provided a PCAP file, titled ransom.pcap, located in the Investigations folder on the Desktop.
What is the full User-Agent value associated with the ransomware demand file download. Enter your response in the field below.
To identify the full User-Agent value associated with the ransomware demand file download from the ransom.pcap file, follow these detailed steps:
Step 1: Access the PCAP File
Log into the Analyst Desktop.
Navigate to the Investigations folder located on the desktop.
Locate the file:
ransom.pcap
Step 2: Open the PCAP File in Wireshark
Launch Wireshark.
Open the PCAP file:
mathematica
File > Open > Desktop > Investigations > ransom.pcap
Click Open to load the file.
Step 3: Filter HTTP Traffic
Since ransomware demands are often served as text files (e.g., README.txt) via HTTP/S, use the following filter:
http.request or http.response
This filter will show both HTTP GET and POST requests.
Step 4: Locate the Ransomware Demand File Download
Look for HTTP GET requests that include common ransomware filenames such as:
README.txt
DECRYPT_INSTRUCTIONS.html
HELP_DECRYPT.txt
Right-click on the suspicious HTTP packet and select:
arduino
Follow > HTTP Stream
Analyze the HTTP headers to find the User-Agent.
Example HTTP Request:
GET /uploads/README.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: 10.10.44.200
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.75 Safari/537.36
Step 5: Verify the User-Agent
Check multiple streams to ensure consistency.
Confirm that the User-Agent belongs to the same host (10.10.44.200) involved in the ransomware incident.
Answe r:
swift
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.75 Safari/537.36
Step 6: Document and Report
Record the User-Agent for analysis:
PCAP Filename: ransom.pcap
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.75 Safari/537.36
Related File: README.txt
Step 7: Next Steps
Forensic Analysis:
Look for more HTTP requests from the same User-Agent.
Monitor Network Activity:
Identify other systems with the same User-Agent pattern.
Block Malicious Traffic:
Update firewall rules to block any outbound connections to suspicious domains.
Which of the following is the PRIMARY purpose for an organization to adopt a cybersecurity framework?
The primary purpose of adopting a cybersecurity framework is to establish a standardized approach to managing cybersecurity risks.
Consistency: Provides a structured methodology for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks.
Best Practices: Incorporates industry standards and practices (e.g., NIST, ISO/IEC 27001) to guide security programs.
Holistic Risk Management: Helps organizations systematically address vulnerabilities and threats.
Compliance and Assurance: While compliance may be a secondary benefit, the primary goal is risk management and structured security.
Other options analysis:
A . To ensure compliance: While frameworks can aid compliance, their main purpose is risk management, not compliance itself.
B . To automate processes: Frameworks may encourage automation, but automation is not their core purpose.
D . To guarantee protection: No framework can guarantee complete protection; they reduce risk, not eliminate it.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition Reference:
Chapter 3: Cybersecurity Frameworks and Standards: Discusses the primary purpose of frameworks in risk management.
Chapter 10: Governance and Policy: Covers how frameworks standardize security processes.
Which of the following risks is MOST relevant to cloud auto-scaling?
One of the most relevant risks associated with cloud auto-scaling is unforeseen expenses:
Dynamic Resource Allocation: Auto-scaling automatically adds resources based on demand, which can increase costs unexpectedly.
Billing Surprises: Without proper monitoring, auto-scaling can significantly inflate cloud bills, especially during traffic spikes.
Mitigation: Implementing budget controls and alerts helps manage costs.
Financial Risk: Organizations may face budget overruns if auto-scaling configurations are not properly optimized.
Incorrect Options:
A . Loss of confidentiality: Not directly related to auto-scaling.
B . Loss of integrity: Auto-scaling does not inherently affect data integrity.
C . Data breaches: More related to security misconfigurations rather than scaling issues.
Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:
Refer to Chapter 3, Section 'Cloud Security Challenges,' Subsection 'Cost Management in Auto-Scaling' - Uncontrolled auto-scaling can lead to significant and unexpected financial impact.
Which of the following is the PRIMARY risk associated with cybercriminals eavesdropping on unencrypted network traffic?
The primary risk associated with cybercriminals eavesdropping on unencrypted network traffic is data exposure because:
Interception of Sensitive Data: Unencrypted traffic can be easily captured using tools like Wireshark or tcpdump.
Loss of Confidentiality: Attackers can view clear-text data, including passwords, personal information, or financial details.
Common Attack Techniques: Includes packet sniffing and Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks.
Mitigation: Encrypt data in transit using protocols like HTTPS, SSL/TLS, or VPNs.
Other options analysis:
A . Data notification: Not relevant in the context of eavesdropping.
B . Data exfiltration: Usually involves transferring data out of the network, not just observing it.
D . Data deletion: Unrelated to passive eavesdropping.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition Reference:
Chapter 4: Network Security Operations: Highlights the risks of unencrypted traffic.
Chapter 8: Threat Detection and Monitoring: Discusses eavesdropping techniques and mitigation.
An organization moving its payment card system into a separate location on its network (or security reasons is an example of network:
The act of moving a payment card system to a separate network location is an example of network segmentation because:
Isolation for Security: Segregates sensitive systems from less secure parts of the network.
PCI DSS Compliance: Payment card data must be isolated to reduce the scope of compliance.
Minimized Attack Surface: Limits exposure in case other parts of the network are compromised.
Enhanced Control: Allows for tailored security measures specific to payment systems.
Other options analysis:
A . Redundancy: Involves having backup systems, not isolating networks.
C . Encryption: Protects data but does not involve network separation.
D . Centricity: Not a recognized concept in network security.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition Reference:
Chapter 7: Network Segmentation and Isolation: Emphasizes segmentation for protecting sensitive data.
Chapter 9: PCI Compliance Best Practices: Discusses network segmentation to secure payment card environments.
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